Mitundu 19 Yamavwende Ndi Zomwe Zili Zosiyana Nazo

"Amuna ndi mavwende ndizovuta kudziwa" - Benjamin Franklin

Monga momwe wanzeru wamkulu waku America Benjamin adanenera m'mawu omwe ali pamwambapa, mavwende ndi ovuta kudziwa.

Izi ndi zoona m’mbali zonse ziwiri.

Choyamba, cantaloupe wowoneka bwino sangakhale wangwiro.

Kachiwiri, pali mitundu yambiri ya mavwende masiku ano kotero kuti ndizovuta kunena kuti ndi mtundu uti, ndi zina zambiri.

Ndiye bwanji osapanga zosavuta kamodzi?

Tiyeni tigawire mitundu yotchuka ya mavwende m'njira yosavuta kwambiri mubulogu iyi. (Mitundu ya Mavwende)

mfundo zosangalatsa

Mu 2018, dziko la China ndilomwe limapanga mavwende akulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi ndi matani 12.7 miliyoni, kutsatiridwa ndi Turkey.

Mitundu ya Mavwende

Ndi mitundu ingati ya mavwende padziko lapansi?

Muzomera, mavwende ndi a banja la Cucurbitaceae lomwe lili ndi mibadwo itatu, Benincasa, Cucumis ndi Citrullus. Tili ndi mitundu yambirimbiri kuposa gulu lililonse. (Mitundu ya Mavwende)

zipatso za citrusi

Mitundu yomwe imagwera m'gululi ndi iwiri yokha, kuphatikiza mavwende, mavwende otchuka kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, ndi ina yotchedwa citron.

Tiyeni tidziwe zonse mwatsatanetsatane. (Mitundu ya Mavwende)

1. Chivwende

Pali mitundu yopitilira 50 ya mavwende yomwe imasiyana mtundu, kukula ndi mawonekedwe. Koma pafupifupi onse ali ndi thupi lofanana ndi kukoma.

vwende lotsekemera kwambiri limadyedwa yaiwisi litadulidwa ndikukondedwa padziko lonse lapansi chifukwa cha madzi ake, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti muzimwa madzi nthawi yachilimwe. (Mitundu ya Mavwende)

Kodi mumadziwa?
Chivwende chili ndi shuga wambiri kuposa mavwende onse, ndi 18 g shuga m'mphepete imodzi yokha.

Mbiri yake ndi yakale zaka 5000, ndipo madzi ochepa kwambiri m'zipululu za ku Africa apangitsa kuti ikhale yofunika kwambiri chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zodabwitsa zosungira madzi.

Dzina la sayansi	Citrullus lanatus
Wachibadwidwe ku	Africa
mawonekedwe	Chozungulira, chozungulira
ng'ombe	Wobiriwira Wakuda mpaka Wobiriwira Wobiriwira wokhala ndi kakombo kakang'ono
thupi	Pinki mpaka kufiira
Zadyedwa bwanji?	Monga zipatso (kawirikawiri masamba)
Kukumana	Wokoma kwambiri

2. Mavwende a Citron

Ikhoza kutchedwa wachibale wa chivwende, monga zipatso zake zimakhala zofanana kunja. Koma kusiyana kwakukulu n’kwakuti mosiyana ndi chivwende, sichingadulidwe ndi kudyedwa chosaphika. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati zotetezera chifukwa ali ndi pectin yambiri. (Mitundu ya Mavwende)

Dzina la sayansi	Citrullus amarus
Wachibadwidwe ku	Africa
mawonekedwe	Round
ng'ombe	Zobiriwira zokhala ndi golide
thupi	Zoyera zolimba
Zadyedwa bwanji?	Pickle, kusunga zipatso, kapena kudyetsa ng'ombe
Kukumana	Osati zokoma

Benincasa

Pali membala m'modzi yekha m'banjali, wotchedwa vwende wachisanu, zomwe zafotokozedwa pansipa. (Mitundu ya Mavwende)

3. Mavwende a Zima kapena mphonda

Chogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati masamba, sikwashi yozizira imagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati mphodza, zokazinga ndi supu. Chifukwa ili ndi kakomedwe kakang'ono, imaphikidwa ndi zinthu zokometsera kwambiri monga nkhuku kuti imveke bwino.

M'mayiko ngati Indian subcontinent, amadziwika chifukwa chokweza mphamvu komanso kukonza kagayidwe kachakudya. (Mitundu ya Mavwende)

Dzina la sayansi	Benincasa hispida
Wachibadwidwe ku	South & South East Asia
mawonekedwe	Oval (nthawi zina kuzungulira)
ng'ombe	Wobiriwira wobiriwira mpaka wobiriwira wotuwa
thupi	Choyera Chachikulu
Zadyedwa bwanji?	Monga masamba
Kukumana	Kukoma pang'ono; Nkhaka ngati

Kukumis

Mavwende onse amtundu wa Cucumin ndi zipatso zophikira ndipo amaphatikiza mavwende omwe timadya ngati zipatso pamoyo wathu watsiku ndi tsiku, kuphatikiza mavwende a nyanga ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mavwende otchulidwa pansipa.

4. Mavwende a Nyanga kapena Kiwano

vwende yowoneka yowopsayi ndi yapadera chifukwa ili ndi nyanga. Imakoma ngati nkhaka yosapsa, ndi nthochi ikapsa.

Amalimidwa makamaka ku Newzealand ndi USA.

Mnofu wonga odzola ulinso ndi mbewu zodyedwa. Komabe, peel ndi yosadyedwa konse. (Mitundu ya Mavwende)

Dzina la sayansi	Cucumis melanogaster
Wachibadwidwe ku	Africa
mawonekedwe	Oval ndi ma spikes osiyana
ng'ombe	Wachikaso mpaka Orange
thupi	Jelly-ngati kuwala wobiriwira
Zadyedwa bwanji?	Monga chipatso, Mu smoothies, sundae
Kukumana	Wofatsa, wotsekemera pang'ono ngati nthochi, wonga nkhaka pang'ono

Tsopano kwa mavwende.

Mwasayansi, vwende amatchedwa Cucumis melo, kutsatiridwa ndi dzina linalake la cultivar.

Mitundu yambiri ya mavwende yomwe timadya ngati zipatso ndi mavwende a musk ndipo nthawi zambiri amatchedwa mavwende akuluakulu. Choncho, tiyeni tikambirane mwatsatanetsatane. (Mitundu ya Mavwende)

5. European Cantaloupe

Kodi vwende walalanje amatchedwa chiyani?

Mavwende amatchedwa mavwende alalanje chifukwa ali ndi thupi lotsekemera komanso lotsekemera lalalanje. Amatenga dzina lawo ku tauni yaing'ono yotchedwa Canalupa, yomwe ili pafupi ndi Roma.

Mavwende aku Europe kwenikweni ndi mavwende enieni: osiyana ndi omwe aku America amawaganizira.

vwende ndi lopindulitsa kwambiri pokhala ndi antioxidants komanso pafupifupi 100% ya mtengo watsiku ndi tsiku wa vitamini C - an kulimbikitsa chitetezo chamthupi vitamini. (Mitundu ya Mavwende)

Amadulidwanso asanatumikire.

Dzina la sayansi	C. melo cantalupensis
Wachibadwidwe ku	Europe
mawonekedwe	chowulungika
ng'ombe	Kuwala Kowala
thupi	Orange-chikasu
Zadyedwa bwanji?	Monga chipatso
Kukumana	Zokoma kwambiri

Kodi mumadziwa?
Mu 2019, waku America dzina lake William adakula padziko lonse lapansi vwende wolemera kwambiri, wolemera 30.47 kg.

6. Cantaloupe ya ku North America

vwende limeneli limapezeka m’madera ena a ku United States, Mexico, ndi Canada. Uyu ndi vwende wokhala ndi mphesa ngati ukonde. Amadyedwa ngati chipatso monga mavwende ena.

California ndi dziko lalikulu kwambiri ku America lomwe limatulutsa mavwende amenewa. (Mitundu ya Mavwende)

Dzina la sayansi	Cucumis melo reticulatus
Wachibadwidwe ku	US, Canada, Mexico
mawonekedwe	Round
ng'ombe	Chitsanzo chofanana ndi Net
thupi	Mnofu wokhazikika walalanje, wokoma pang'ono
Zadyedwa bwanji?	Monga chipatso
Kukumana	Subtler (yosiyana kwambiri ndi cantaloupe ya EU)

7. Galiya

Dzina lodziwika bwino la vwende ku Southeast Asia ndi Sarda. Mavwende okutidwa ndi ukonde ndi wosakanizidwa pakati pa Krimka ndi vwende wobiriwira Ha-Ogen.

Amadyedwanso ngati chipatso. (Mitundu ya Mavwende)

Dzina la sayansi	Cucumis melo var. reticulatus (wosakanizidwa)
Wachibadwidwe ku	Vietnam
mawonekedwe	Round
ng'ombe	Chitsanzo chofanana ndi Net
thupi	Yellow
Zadyedwa bwanji?	Monga chipatso
Kukumana	Zotsekemera zokometsera (zokhala ndi zonunkhira zonunkhira)

8. Uchi

Ndi mavwende ati amene amatsekemera kwambiri?

Mavwende akucha amatengedwa kuti ndi okoma kwambiri kuposa mavwende onse. Amadziwika ndi thupi lobiriwira lotuwa komanso fungo lonunkhira bwino. (Mitundu ya Mavwende)

Dzina la sayansi	Cucumis melo L. (Inodorus Group)'Honey Dew'
Wachibadwidwe ku	Middle East
mawonekedwe	Kuzungulira kwa oval pang'ono
ng'ombe	Wobiriwira wobiriwira mpaka wachikasu
thupi	Wobiriwira wotuwa
Zadyedwa bwanji?	Monga chipatso
Kukumana	Chokoma kuposa mavwende onse

9. Mavwende a Casaba

vwendeyi ndi yofanana kwambiri ndi vwende ya uchi, yomwe imakhala yofanana ndi kukula kwake koma mosiyana ndi kukoma. Imakoma kwambiri ngati nkhaka m'malo motsekemera ngati mame. (Mitundu ya Mavwende)

Dzina la sayansi	Cucumis melo L.
Wachibadwidwe ku	Middle East
mawonekedwe	Kuzungulira kwa oval pang'ono
ng'ombe	Golden yellow ndi makwinya
thupi	Kuwala koyera-chikasu
Zadyedwa bwanji?	Monga chipatso
Kukumana	Chokoma chokhala ndi spiciness pang'ono

10. Mavwende a Perisiya

Awa ndi mavwende aatali okhala ndi nyama yowutsa mudyo komanso yokoma kwambiri. Akakhwima, mtundu wawo umasanduka wobiriwira. Mavwende amenewa alibe mafuta m'thupi komanso alibe mafuta m'thupi, ali ndi mavitamini A ndi C ambiri. (Mitundu ya Mavwende)

Dzina la sayansi	Cucumis melo cantalupensis
Wachibadwidwe ku	Iran
mawonekedwe	Chozungulira kapena chozungulira
ng'ombe	imvi-wobiriwira kapena Yellow; Net-ngati
thupi	Mtundu wa korali, wowutsa mudyo kwambiri, wonyezimira
Zadyedwa bwanji?	Monga chipatso
Kukumana	Zovuta, Zokoma

mfundo yosangalatsa
Mavwende akhala akuyang'ana kwambiri ulimi wokhazikika njira, chifukwa zimapanga zochuluka kuposa momwe timapeza muulimi wamba.

11. Crenshaw Melon

Crenshaw vwende ndi mtundu wosakanizidwa wa vwende womwe umapezeka podutsa mavwende aku Persian ndi casaba. Amatchedwanso kuti Cadillac wa mavwende onse. (Mitundu ya Mavwende)

Dzina la sayansi	Casaba x Persian
Wachibadwidwe ku	Americas & Mediterranean
mawonekedwe	Chozungulira chokhala ndi maziko athyathyathya
ng'ombe	Chikasu chobiriwira mpaka golide-chikasu ndi makwinya kumapeto kwa tsinde; kumva waxy pang'ono
thupi	Mtundu wa pichesi; zonunkhira
Zadyedwa bwanji?	Monga chipatso
Kukumana	Zokoma kwambiri

12. Canary Melon

Kodi mavwende achikaso amatchedwa chiyani?

Mavwende achikasu amatchedwa mavwende a Canarian oval oval-shaped Canarian and rind yosalala yomwe imasanduka yachikasu chowala ikapsa.

Mofanana ndi mavwende ena, mavwende a canary ndi chipatso chamafuta ochepa, chochepa kwambiri chokhala ndi vitamini A wambiri komanso fiber. (Mitundu ya Mavwende)

Dzina la sayansi	Cucumis melo L. (Inodorus Group) 'Canary'
Wachibadwidwe ku	Asia, kuphatikiza Japan ndi Korea
mawonekedwe	Okwezedwa
ng'ombe	Yellow yowala; Zosalala
thupi	Wobiriwira wobiriwira mpaka woyera (mawonekedwe ofewa ofanana ndi peyala yakucha)
Zadyedwa bwanji?	Monga chipatso
Kukumana	Zokoma kwambiri

13. Hami kapena Honey Kiss vwende

vvwendeyu amachokera ku mzinda wa ku China wotchedwa Hami. Monga mavwende ena, mavwende a Hami ali ndi zopatsa mphamvu zochepa (ma calorie 34 okha pa 100 g). (Mitundu ya Mavwende)

Dzina la sayansi	Cucumis melo 'Hami melon'
Wachibadwidwe ku	China
mawonekedwe	Okwezedwa
ng'ombe	Wobiriwira mpaka wachikasu wokhala ndi mizere
thupi	lalanje
Zadyedwa bwanji?	Monga chipatso
Kukumana	Nthawi zina, okoma ndi chinanazi

14. Sprite Melon

Ndi imodzi mwa mavwende okwera mtengo omwe adachokera ku Japan. Kukula ndi kulemera kwake ndi zazing'ono, zokhala ndi mainchesi 4-5 m'mimba mwake ndipo zimalemera pafupifupi paundi imodzi.

Amagawidwa pakati pa mavwende ang'onoang'ono.

Dzina la sayansi	Cucumis melo L. (Inodorus Group) 'Sprite'
Wachibadwidwe ku	Japan
mawonekedwe	Round (kukula kwa manyumwa)
ng'ombe	Choyera mpaka chachikasu chopepuka; bwino
thupi	White
Zadyedwa bwanji?	Monga chipatso
Kukumana	Chokoma kwambiri (monga peyala ndi uchi)

Kodi mumadziwa?

Japan imapereka mavwende okwera mtengo kwambiri padziko lapansi. Mu 2019, mavwende a Yubari King adagulitsidwa $45,000 mumzinda wa Hokkaido.

15. vwende waku Korea

Ndi vwende lomwe limadziwika m'maiko aku East Asia, kuphatikiza Korea. Potaziyamu wochuluka komanso wochepa wa sodium, ndi wabwino ku matenda amtima ndi matenda oopsa. (Mitundu ya Mavwende)

Dzina la sayansi	Cucumis melo var. Makuwa
Wachibadwidwe ku	Korea
mawonekedwe	Oval kapena oblong
ng'ombe	Yellow yokhala ndi mizere yoyera yogawidwa kwambiri
thupi	White
Zadyedwa bwanji?	Monga chipatso
Kukumana	Wotsekemera, wonyezimira (pakati pa uchi ndi nkhaka)

16. Shuga Kiss vwende

Maswiti kiss vwende amatchulidwa chifukwa cha kukoma kwake kwakukulu komwe kumasungunuka mkamwa. Ikhoza kuwonjezeredwa ku smoothies, saladi ya zipatso kapena kudyedwa yaiwisi. (Mitundu ya Mavwende)

Dzina la sayansi	Cucumis melo var. shuga
Wachibadwidwe ku	Africa
mawonekedwe	Round
ng'ombe	Khungu lotuwa lotuwa ngati ukonde
thupi	lalanje
Zadyedwa bwanji?	Monga chipatso
Kukumana	lokoma

17. Santa Claus

vwendeli limatchedwa dzina chifukwa cha nthawi yayitali ya alumali. Miyeso yake ndi chimodzimodzi ndi mavwende a Crenshaw, koma mtundu wake ndi wobiriwira ndipo thupi ndi lofanana ndi vwende la uchi. (Mitundu ya Mavwende)

Dzina la sayansi	Cucumis melo 'Santa Claus'
Wachibadwidwe ku	nkhukundembo
mawonekedwe	Monga chivwende chachitali
ng'ombe	Wakuda wobiriwira
thupi	Wobiriwira wotuwa
Zadyedwa bwanji?	Monga chipatso
Kukumana	Chisakanizo cha cantaloupe waku Europe & uchi

Momordica

Tsopano mwamvetsa bwino mavwende onse amene timawadziwa komanso kudya ngati zipatso; Yakwana nthawi yoti tiphunzire za mavwende omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati masamba.

Mwachidule, mtundu wa Momordica uli ndi mitundu yonse yomwe imachokera ku banja la vwende Cucurbitaceae koma ndi tubular, osati kukoma kokoma, ndipo ndi mbali ya zakudya m'malo modyedwa zosaphika.

Choncho, tiyeni tione mwachidule mitundu ya vwende imeneyi. (Mitundu ya Mavwende)

18. Mavwende Owawa

vwendeli ndi losiyana kwambiri ndi mavwende omwe takambiranawa. Kusiyapo kudya zosaphika, ndi vwende lowawa kwambiri kupyola mchitidwe wodetsa nkhawa musanaphike.

M’malo mokhala wamkulu wozungulira kapena wozungulira, ndi waung’ono komanso wotalikirana ndi chigoba cholimba.

Dzina la sayansi	Momordica charantia
Wachibadwidwe ku	Africa & Asia
mawonekedwe	Oblong, warty kunja
ng'ombe	Kuwala mpaka kubiriwira kwakuda; zolimba
thupi	Zovuta, zamadzi
Zadyedwa bwanji?	Zophikidwa ngati masamba
Kukumana	Zowawa kwambiri

19. Momordica balsamina

Uyu ndi vwende wina wofanana ndi mphonda wowawa koma wosawawa kwambiri. Maonekedwe ake akhoza kufotokozedwa ngati mphonda yaing'ono koma yamafuta. Lili ndi njere zazikulu zofiira zomwe ndi zakupha kwa ena.

Amatchedwanso Common Balm Apple. Ikakhwima, imasweka kusonyeza mbewu.

Zipatso zazing'ono ndi masamba a Momordica balsamina amaphikidwa m'mayiko ena a ku Africa.

Dzina la sayansi	Momordica balsamina
Wachibadwidwe ku	South Africa, Tropical Asia, Arabia, India, Australia
mawonekedwe	Monga mphonda yaing'ono koma yonenepa yowawa
ng'ombe	Zofiira mpaka zachikasu, zolimba
thupi	Yanikani ndi njere mkati
Zadyedwa bwanji?	Monga masamba
Kukumana	Zowawa

Malangizo 5 Osankha Mavwende Oyenera

Kusankha vwende yoyenera nthawi zonse kumakhala kovuta. Nthawi zina kusankha mwachangu kumapambana, ndipo nthawi zina kusaka mwachangu kumatha kubweretsa kusaka kwachibwana kapena kukhwima.

Koma malangizo angapo angakuthandizeni kusankha yabwino. Tiyeni tifufuze chomwe iwo ali.

• Sankhani yolemera kwambiri: Posankha vwende kuti mufufuze, sankhani yolemera kwambiri.
• Yang'anani: Mukasankha imodzi, yang'anani bwinobwino ngati pali mawanga ofewa, ming'alu, kapena mikwingwirima, ngati ilipo.
• Yang'anani mtundu wa rind: Tsopano, izi ndizovuta kwambiri chifukwa mtundu womwewo sugwira ntchito pamtundu uliwonse wa vwende.
• Kumaliza kwa matte ndikwabwino kwa chivwende ndi kuyamwa. Pewani kusankha zowala chifukwa ndi zachibwana.
• Kwa cantaloupe ndi cantaloupe, omwe ali ndi golide kapena lalanje ndi abwino. Osasankha mtundu woyera kapena wobiriwira.
• Dinani: Mukasankha vwende yoyenera, ngati ikuwoneka ngati yopanda pake, igwireni ndi dzanja lanu, zikomo! Izi ndi zomwe mukuyang'ana.
• Yang'anani nsonga yamaluwa: Chiyeso chomaliza ndikununkhiza ndikusindikiza pang'ono nsonga ya duwa: gawo lomwe limamangiriridwa ku mpesa. Ngati ili yofewa komanso yonunkhira, ndi bwino kupita nayo.

Kutsiliza

Mavwende ndi abwino kwa zokhwasula-khwasula, saladi ya zipatso ndi zina zotero. Mavwende onse ndi okoma kwambiri, amasiyana pang'ono ndi kukoma, mtundu wa rind ndi mawonekedwe.

Pali mavwende ochepa, monga mavwende owawa, omwe ndi osiyana kwambiri ndi mavwende wamba omwe timadya ngati zipatso. Koma onsewa ali m’banja limodzi lotchedwa Cucurbitaceae.

Ndi mavwende ati omwe amapezeka m'dera lanu? Ndipo ndi iti yomwe mumakonda kwambiri? Tiuzeni mu gawo la ndemanga pansipa.

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