Momwe Mungagwiritsire Ntchito Kwambiri Kudzibisa Kokha

Zokhudza Kukhala Wokhazikika Ndi Zinthu Zoyenera Kuchita Pokhala kwaokha:

A kulekedwa ndi chiletso pa mayendedwe a anthu, nyama ndi katundu zomwe cholinga chake ndikuletsa kufalikira kwa matenda or tizirombo. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhudzana ndi matenda ndi matenda, kuteteza kusuntha kwa omwe angakhale akukumana ndi a matenda opatsirana, komabe alibe chitsimikiziro matenda. Ndizosiyana ndi kudzipatula kwachipatala, momwe anthu otsimikiziridwa kuti ali ndi matenda opatsirana amakhala olekanitsidwa ndi anthu athanzi. Zolinga zapadera nthawi zambiri zimakhala gawo limodzi la kulamulira malire. (Zomwe Muyenera Kuchita Padera)

Lingaliro la kuika kwaokha limadziwika kuyambira nthawi za m'Baibulo ndipo limadziwika kuti lakhala likuchitidwa m'mbiri yonse m'malo osiyanasiyana. Malo odziwika bwino m'mbiri yamakono akuphatikizapo mudzi wa Zanga mu 1665 mu nthawi ya bubonic mliri kufalikira ku England; East Samoa pa Mliri wa chimfine wa 1918; a Diphtheria kuphulika pa nthawi ya 1925 seramu imathamangira ku Nome, ndi 1972 mliri wa nthomba ku Yugoslavia, ndipo anthu azikhala kwaokha kwaokha padziko lonse lapansi nthawi ya COVID-19 mliri kuyambira 2020.

Makhalidwe oyenera komanso othandiza amafunika kuganiziridwa mukamagwiritsa ntchito kupatula anthu. Zochita zimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi dziko; m'mayiko ena, kuika kwaokha ndi imodzi mwa njira zambiri zotsatiridwa ndi malamulo okhudzana ndi lingaliro lalikulu la chisamaliro; Mwachitsanzo, Kusakhazikika Kwaku Australia imayendetsedwa ndi chigawo chimodzi Chitetezo Chaumoyo 2015. (Zomwe Muyenera Kuchita Padera)

Etymology ndi terminology

Mawu kulekedwa amachokera kwaokha, kutanthauza "masiku makumi anayi", ogwiritsidwa ntchito m'mawu Venetian chinenero m'zaka za m'ma 14 ndi 15. Mawuwa amatchulidwa mu nthawi yomwe zombo zonse zimafunikira kukhala paokha anthu okwera ndi ogwira nawo ntchito asanapite kumtunda panthawi yankhondo. Mliri wakuda mliri. The kwaokha kutsatira Trentino, kapena "kudzipatula kwa masiku makumi atatu", koyambirira kokhazikitsidwa mu 1347 mu Republic of Ragusa, Dalmatia (zamakono Dubrovnik ku Croatia).

Merriam-Webster limapereka matanthauzo osiyanasiyana ku mawonekedwe a nauni, kuphatikiza "nthawi ya masiku 40", zingapo zokhudzana ndi zombo, "mkhalidwe wokakamizidwa kudzipatula", komanso "chiletso pa mayendedwe a anthu ndi katundu yemwe cholinga chake ndikuletsa kufalikira kwa matenda or tizirombo“. Mawuwa amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati mneni.

Quarantine ndi yosiyana ndi kudzipatula kwachipatala, momwe anthu otsimikiziridwa kuti ali ndi matenda opatsirana amakhala olekanitsidwa ndi anthu athanzi.

Kuika kwaokha kungagwiritsidwe ntchito mosinthana ndi cordon sanitaire, ndipo ngakhale mawuwa ndi ofanana, cordon sanitaire kutanthauza kuletsa anthu kuloŵa kapena kutuluka m’malo enaake monga dera, pofuna kupewa matenda kuti asafalikire. (Zomwe Muyenera Kuchita Padera)

History

Ancient

Kutchulidwa koyambirira kwa kudzipatula kumachitika mu Zokhudza Baibulo buku la Levitiko, lolembedwa m'zaka za zana lachisanu ndi chiwiri BC kapena mwina kale, lomwe limafotokoza njira yolekanitsira anthu omwe ali ndi matenda akhungu Zaraath. Chikhalidwe chodzipatula ichi, komabe, chimatsutsana. Monga kutanthauzira kwachikhalidwe kumawona ngati chilango ngati munthu akaphwanya lamulo limodzi mwamalamulo angapo, makamaka Kulankhula Koipa. Kafukufuku wina waposachedwa akuti anthu omwe ali ndi kachilomboka akuyenera kudzipatula okha kuti ateteze kufalikira kwa matenda (ngakhale kuti Baibulo silikutanthauza kupatsirana Zaraath):

Aliyense amene ali ndi matenda odetsa chonchi ayenera kuvala zovala zong'ambika, atsitsire tsitsi lake, aziphimba kumunsi kwa nkhope yake ndikufuula, "Wodetsedwa! Wodetsa! ” Nthawi yonse imene ali ndi nthendayo amakhala wodetsedwa. Azikhala okha; akhale kunja kwa msasa. (Zochita Pokhala kwaokha)

Dziko la Medieval Islamic

Persian polymath, Avicenna analimbikitsanso kuika kwaokha odwala matenda opatsirana, makamaka chifuwa chachikulu.

Kukhazikitsidwa kwaokha kwa magulu apadera a odwala, kuphatikiza omwe ali ndi khate, kudayamba koyambirira kwachisilamu. Pakati pa 706 ndi 707 wachisanu ndi chimodzi Ummayah caliph Al-Walid Woyamba anamanga chipatala choyamba mu Damasiko ndipo anapereka lamulo loti anthu amene ali ndi matenda a khate adzipatula kwa odwala ena m’chipatalamo. Chizoloŵezi chovomerezeka chokhala ndi khate m'zipatala zambiri chinapitirira mpaka chaka cha 1431, pamene Ottoman anamanga chipatala cha khate mu Edirne. Zochitika zakuti anthu azikhala kwaokha zidachitika m'maiko onse achisilamu, ndi umboni woti anthu azikhala kwaokha mwakufuna kwawo pazochitika zina zomwe zanenedwa. Chigawo choyamba cholembedwa mopanda kutero chinakhazikitsidwa ndi a Ottoman kuika kwaokha kusintha mu 1838. (Things To Do In Quarantine)

Medieval Europe

Mawu oti "quarantine" amachokera ku kwaokha, mawonekedwe a chinenero cha Venetian, kutanthauza "masiku makumi anayi". Izi zachitika chifukwa cha kudzipatula kwa masiku 40 kwa zombo ndi anthu omwe amachita ngati njira yopewera matenda okhudzana ndi mliri. Pakati pa 1348 ndi 1359, a Mliri wakuda adafafaniza pafupifupi 30% ya anthu aku Europe, komanso kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa anthu aku Asia. Tsoka loterolo linapangitsa maboma kukhazikitsa njira za zopezeka kuthana ndi miliri yabwinobwino. (Zomwe Muyenera Kuchita Padera)

 Chikalata chochokera ku 1377 chimanena kuti asanalowe mumzinda-boma la Ragusa in Dalmatia (zamakono Dubrovnik ku Croatia), obwera kumene adakhala masiku 30 (a trentine) pamalo oletsedwa (omwe poyamba anali zilumba zapafupi) akudikirira kuti awone ngati zizindikiro za Black Death zidzayamba. Mu 1448 ndi Venetian Senate kudalikitsa nthawi yodikira mpaka masiku 40, motero kubala mawu oti "kupatula".

Kukhala kwaokha kwa masiku XNUMX kunakhala njira yabwino yothanirana ndi mliri wa mliri. Dubrovnik unali mzinda woyamba ku Europe kukhazikitsa malo okhala kwaokha monga Lazzarettos ku Dubrovnik kumene ogwira ntchito m'sitima yofika anasungidwa kwa masiku 40. Malinga ndi kuyerekezera kwaposachedwa, mliri wa bubonic unali ndi masiku a 37 kuchokera pakupatsirana mpaka kufa; chifukwa chake, malo okhala ku Europe akadakhala opambana kwambiri pakuzindikira thanzi la ogwira nawo ntchito kuchokera ku zombo zogulitsa ndi kutumiza. (Zochita Pokhala kwaokha)

Matenda ena anadziloŵetsa m’chizoloŵezi choika anthu kwaokhawokha mliriwo usanawononge ndi pambuyo pake. Omwe ali ndi khate anali otalikirana kwanthawi yayitali ndi anthu, ndipo adayesa kuyesa kufalikira kwa syphilis kumpoto kwa Ulaya pambuyo pa 1492, kubwera kwa chikondwerero cha chikasu ku Spain kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 19, ndi kufika kwa Asiatic kolera mu 1831. (Zinthu Zoyenera Kuchita Pokhala kwaokha)

Venice adatsogolera njira zowunikira kufalikira kwa mliri, atasankha alonda atatu azaumoyo m'zaka zoyambirira za Black Death (1348). Mbiri yotsatira ya njira zodzitetezera imachokera regio/Modena mu 1374. Venice inakhazikitsa yoyamba lazareti (pachilumba chaching’ono choyandikana ndi mzindawu) mu 1403. Mu 1467 Genoa anatsatira chitsanzo cha Venice, ndipo mu 1476 chipatala chakale akhate cha Marseille anasandulika chipatala cha mliri.

Lazaret wamkulu wa Marseille, mwina wathunthu kwambiri wamtundu wake, adakhazikitsidwa mu 1526 pachilumba cha Pomègues. Mchitidwewo konsekonse ku Mediterranean lazarets sunali wosiyana ndi njira ya Chingerezi pamalonda a Levantine ndi North Africa. Pakufika kwa kolera mu 1831 ma lazarets ena atsopano anakhazikitsidwa pa madoko akumadzulo; makamaka, kukhazikitsidwa kwakukulu kwambiri pafupi Bordeaux. Pambuyo pake, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zina. (Zochita Pokhala kwaokha)

Mbiri yamakono

Miliri ya yellow fever inawononga midzi ya ku North America kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma XNUMX ndi kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma XNUMX, zitsanzo zodziwika bwino ndizo 1793 Philadelphia yellow fever mliri ndi kufalikira kwa Georgia (1856) ndi Florida (1888). Miliri ya kolera ndi nthomba idapitilira m'zaka za zana la khumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi, ndipo miliri ya miliri idakhudza Honolulu ndi San Francisco kuyambira 1899 mpaka 1901. 

Maboma ambiri ankadalira pa cordon sanitaire ngati njira yokhazikitsira anthu kukhala kwaokha kuti athe kuwongolera kayendetsedwe ka anthu kulowa ndi kutuluka m'madera omwe akhudzidwa. Nthawi ya Fuluwenza ya 1918 mliriwu, madera ena adayambitsa kuchotsedwa kwa chitetezo (nthawi zina amatchedwa "reverse quarantine") kuteteza omwe ali ndi kachilomboka kuti asabweretse fuluwenza m'magulu athanzi. Mayiko ambiri aku Western adagwiritsa ntchito njira zingapo zosungiramo zinthu, kuphatikiza kudzipatula, kuyang'anira, komanso kutsekedwa kwa masukulu, matchalitchi, zisudzo, ndi zochitika zapagulu. (Zomwe Muyenera Kuchita Padera)

Pofika m'katikati mwa zaka za m'ma 19, a Ufumu wa Ottoman anali atakhazikitsa malo okhala kwaokha, kuphatikiza ku Anatolia ndi ku Balkan. Mwachitsanzo, pa doko la Izmir, zombo zonse komanso katundu wawo amayesedwa ndipo omwe akuwakayikira kuti ali ndi mliriwo amakokedwa kupatukana doko ndipo ogwira nawo ntchito amakhala m'nyumba zosiyanasiyana kwakanthawi kochepa. Mu Zamgululi, m'malire a Greece ndi Turkey, apaulendo onse omwe amalowa ndikutuluka mu Ottoman amatha kukhala kwaokha masiku 9-15. Mliri ukawoneka, malo okhala kwaokhawo amakhala ankhondo ndipo Asilikali a Ottoman atenga nawo mbali pazowongolera malire ndipo Kuwunika matenda. (Zomwe Muyenera Kuchita Padera)

Zolinga zamakhalidwe ndi zothandiza

Kupatula anthu nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa mafunso ufulu wa anthu, makamaka ngati atsekeredwa m'ndende kwa nthawi yayitali kapena kusalidwa ndi anthu, monga Mary mallon (yemwenso amadziwika kuti Typhoid Mary), a typhoid fever wothandizira Yemwe adamangidwa ndikubindikiritsidwa mu 1907 ndipo pambuyo pake adakhala zaka 23 ndi miyezi 7 ya moyo wake ali yekhayekha kuchipatala cha Riverside pa Chilumba cha North Brother. (Zomwe Muyenera Kuchita Padera)

Mphamvu zamaganizidwe

Kukhala kwaokha kumatha kukhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa zamaganizidwe pa omwe ali kwaokha, kuphatikiza kupsinjika mtima pambuyo, chisokonezo, ndi mkwiyo. Malinga ndi "Rapid Review" yofalitsidwa mu Lancet poyankha COVID-19 mliri, “Zomwe zinkachititsa kuti anthu azivutika maganizo, ankakhala ndi nthawi yotalikirapo yodzipatula, kuopa matenda, kukhumudwa, kunyong’onyeka, kusowa zinthu zokwanira, kusadziŵa zambiri, kutaya ndalama, ndiponso kusalidwa. (Zochita Pokhala kwaokha)

Ofufuza ena akuti zotsatira zake zimakhala zokhalitsa. M'malo omwe kukhala kwaokha kuli kofunikira, akuluakulu akuyenera kuyika anthu pawokha kwanthawi yayitali, kupereka zifukwa zomveka zokhalira kwaokha komanso chidziwitso chokhudza ma protocol, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zinthu zokwanira zikuperekedwa. Kupempha kuti athandize anthu ena pokumbutsa anthu zaubwino wopezeka kwaokha kwa anthu onse zitha kukhala zabwino. ” (Zomwe Muyenera Kuchita Padera)

Kukhala kwaokha kumakhala kovuta kwa tonsefe

Ambiri aife sitilinso 9 omwe amatha kuwonera katuni kwa maola 10 molunjika.

M'malo mwake, takhala tikuzoloŵera kukhala ndi nthawi yotanganidwa ndi misonkhano kotero kuti mtunda wocheza umalemera kwambiri pa miyoyo yathu tsiku ndi tsiku.

Koma zimenezi sizikutanthauza kuti tiyenera kuziona molakwika!

Nazi njira zomwe sizikambidwenso kwambiri zopezera mwayi wokhala kwaokha. (Zomwe Muyenera Kuchita Padera)

Onetsani zopindulitsa kwa anthu

Yakwana nthawi yoti muwonetse chidwi ndi anthu. Lankhulani ndi anansi anu omwe ali ndi mantha ndikuwapatsa chiyembekezo chanzeru momwe angachitire monga kuvala masks, kulimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi, kusunga kusamvana ndi kuyeretsa ndi magolovesi zingathandize kugonjetsa kachilomboka.

Lankhulani ndi anzanu komanso abale ndikufalitsa zabwinozi. Nkhani zakumwalira kwa anzawo kuchokera ku kachilombo kapena kuchuluka kwa omwe ali ndi kachilomboka zitha kuwamenya. Afotokozereni momwe akuyenera kuyamikirira kuti asatenge nawo gawo latsoka ili. (Zomwe Muyenera Kuchita Padera)

Yambitsani njira ya Youtube

Fotokozerani ukadaulo wanu pakusintha kwachilengedwe, luso lanu ngati wamatsenga, njira zanu zamankhwala kunyumba kapena nkhani yanu yokhudza mliri womwe ulipo pamaso pa omvera popanga njira ya Youtube kapena Podcast.

Mutha kupanga omvera ambiri pamtundu wanu pompano chifukwa anthu ambiri ali pa YouTube kuposa kale. (Zochita Pokhala kwaokha)

Phunzirani maphunziro atsopano kapena chinenero

Kodi ndinu m'modzi mwa anthu omwe amalembetsa mndandanda wazilankhulo zakunja ndi zojambula koma osatha kuthana nazo chifukwa chantchito yayitali?

Gwiritsani ntchito nthawi yaulereyi kuti muphunzire pa intaneti Chifalansa, Chitaliyana kapena Chitchaina kapena maphunziro aulere, Photoshop, kusintha makanema ndi maphunziro a calligraphy. (Zochita Pokhala kwaokha)

Chotsani zinthu zomwe mwakhala mukuziyembekezera kwa nthawi yayitali

Tikukamba za zovala zonsezo, masokosi osiyanasiyana utagona m’madirowa ndi makabati akukhitchini amene akulakalaka kutsukidwa chifukwa unalibe nthawi m’mbuyomo.

Mukakhala pano, bwanji osakufunsani kuti muchotse mafayilo achabechabe pa laputopu yanu kapena pa Desktop omwe amadziyikira okha kapena "akale kwambiri" kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito mwanjira iliyonse?

Komanso, konzani zikalata zanu zamtsogolo zogwiritsa ntchito pa intaneti kapena misonkho. (Zochita Pokhala kwaokha)

Yambitsani buku la quarantine

Pokhapokha ngati simunatero!

Aliyense adzakhulupirira kuti dziko likudutsa mu mbiri yakale, mwatsoka, moipa. Koma kodi sichingakhale chinthu chosaiwalika kuuza zidzukulu zako ukalamba? (Zochita Pokhala kwaokha)

Werengani mabuku

Yakwana nthawi yoti mufufuze shelefu yanu yafumbi ndikuyamba kuchita zomwe zikutanthauza ndi mabuku: kuwerenga. Malizitsani buku lomwe likudikirira la Life Inspiration kapena yambani kuchita zosangalatsa. Muthanso kuganizira ma e-mabuku ngati simukusokonezedwa mosavuta ndi zina mwazinthu zapaintaneti zomwe sindinganene kuti ayi (Youtube, zidziwitso za Social Media, Netflix Ads, etc.). (Zochita Pokhala kwaokha)

Limbikitsani luso lanu la zophikira

Kuphika kumatenga nthawi. Tonse tikudziwa izi ndipo pangakhale nthawi yabwinoko kuposa iyi!

Khalani khitchinin mfiti mwa kuphunzira zakudya zatsopano, kuyesa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zonunkhira, kupanga ma smoothies okonzeka ndi ma cocktails, ndikukonzekera kugwiritsa ntchito zingapo Chalk zokha kufulumizitsa njira zophika.

Komabe, onetsetsani kuti mwavala chigoba mukamapita ku golosale kukagula zinthu kapena kuyitanitsa. (Zochita Pokhala kwaokha)

Pezani ndalama zokhala kwaokha

Sitikulankhula za kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu ngati kupukutira m'manja kapena mapepala a minofu! Palinso njira zoyenera zopangira ndalama panthawiyi.

• Gulitsani zovala zanu zakale, mabuku, zinthu zaukadaulo pa Poshmark, Decluttr, Ebay, Mercari ndi Depop.
• Waufulu. Osatsegula akaunti yatsopano (zimatenga nthawi yayitali kuti mupeze ntchito), m'malo mwake pitani kwa munthu yemwe akupanga kale ndalama papulatifomu ya Freelance.
• Khalani Munthu Woperekera wokhala ndi Uber Eats ndi DoorDash. (Zochita Pokhala kwaokha)

Phunzitsani china chatsopano kwa chiweto

Tingaiwale bwanji anzathu aubweya mu nthawi yovutayi!

Mwayi wabwino wophunzitsa mphaka wanu ndi galu kulumpha kulumpha, kugwirana chanza, kuyimirira, kugwira mipira, kugudubuza ndi kupota. Gwiritsani ntchito zina zowonjezera kapena zinthu za DIY kuti ntchito yophunzirira ikhale yabwino. (Zochita Pokhala kwaokha)

Limbikitsani m'munda

Kodi mumayiwala kuthirira mbewu chifukwa mumachedwa kuofesi tsiku lililonse? Kapena mumayiwala kutchetcha kapinga Lamlungu lililonse chifukwa alendo amabwera pafupipafupi?

Tsopano mutha kuchita ntchito zonse zomwe zikuyembekezera. Osati zokhazo, mutha kupanga bedi latsopano lamaluwa, njira yochititsa chidwi yamaluwa kapena mathithi ochita nokha.

Osadikira, pezani zofunikira Zipangizo zamaluwa ndi kukagwira ntchito. (Zochita Pokhala kwaokha)

Imbirani anzanu akutali, abale anu & khalani ndi masiku enieni

Tikukhulupirira kuti mukuchita kale izi!

Imbani ndi kucheza ndi anzanu akutali omwe simumawaimbira kawirikawiri. Muthanso kukhala ndi masiku okhala ndi mnzanu kapena mnzanu yemwe ali kudziko lina kuposa inu. (Zochita Pokhala kwaokha)

Dzikongoletsani nokha

Kodi mukudziwa kuti njira Zanyumba Zokongoletsera Nyumba zikuwona kuwonjezeka kwakukulu pamsewu wawo pomwe anthu amagwiritsa ntchito nthawi yodzipatula iyi kuyang'ana pazomwe amachita? Ngati simunasamale khungu lanu, nkhope yanu, ndi mikono yanu, chitani izi tsopano.

Ikani maski kumaso, chotsani mabwalo amdima, mitu yakuda ndi tsitsi lopitilira muyeso, pangani khungu lanu kuwala, kutalikitsa ma eyelashes anu ndikudyetsa tsitsi lanu. (Zomwe Muyenera Kuchita Padera)

Phunzirani kulimbitsa thupi kunyumba

Tikudziwa momwe zimakhalira zovuta kwa onse ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi kuti asavala mathalauza awo ndi ma leggings, kudzaza mabotolo awo ndi madzi, komanso osagunda masewera olimbitsa thupi kuti atuluke thukuta.

Koma mutha kuganizirabe masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi zovuta zina zolimbitsa thupi pa intaneti. Pali zambiri Kupatula kwa Youtube machitidwe olimbitsa thupi komanso mapulogalamu am'manja ovuta tsiku lililonse omwe mutha kutsitsa kuti thupi likhale lokwanira. Tsopano ndi nthawi yabwino kuti mupeze abs. (Zochita Pokhala kwaokha)

Muzicheza ndi ana

Tiyeni tiganizire zabwino; izi zidatipatsa nthawi yolumikizana ndi ana athu, omwe tidawapeza ovuta kale.

Musalole kuti njira zophunzirira ziyime sukulu yawo ili patchuthi; Sewerani nawo masewerawa, werengani mabuku, muwone maphunziro, pangani chizolowezi tsiku lomwe adzalandire mphatso pa luso lililonse lomwe angaphunzire, ndikuwalola apite kokasaka nyama kuti akayeretse nyumbayo. (Tikudziwa kuti iyi ndi njira yanzeru!)

Kukhala kwaokha ndikovuta koma sikuyenera kukhala kopanda ntchito nthawi ino. Tikukhulupirira kuti simulola izi. (Zomwe Muyenera Kuchita Padera)

Komanso, musaiwale kupinikiza / kusungitsa chizindikiro ndikuyendera yathu Blog kuti mumve zambiri zosangalatsa koma zoyambirira.