Zowona Zabowa Zopanda mphete - Chizindikiritso, mawonekedwe, Ubwino & maphikidwe

Ma Smurfs ang'onoang'ono okongola, inde, ndikunena za bowa, osati mitundu yakuda ngati mawonekedwe a zojambula, koma mtundu wawo wagolide, womwe umadziwika kuti bowa wopanda uchi.

Anthu ambiri amasokonezeka ngati bowa wamtunduwu ndi wodyedwa kapena wapoizoni, kaya uyenera kulimidwa ndikuperekedwa patebulo, kapena kuwuchotsa.

Kodi inunso simungamvetse zimenezi?

Mwamaliza kuwerenga maupangiri ataliatali omwe alibe chidziwitso chenicheni?

Chabwino, tsopano kudikira kwatha, apa muphunzira tsatanetsatane wa bowa wopanda mphete. Onani TOC yathu pansipa ndipo tikudziwitsani zonse za kanyama kakang'ono kameneka m'munda mwanu.

Bowa wopanda mphete:

Pali mitundu ingapo mu gulu la bowa wopanda mphete, chifukwa bowa wachikasu ndi ochepa, ndiye Armillaria tabescens yomwe mwabwera kuti muphunzire.

Mtundu uwu wa bowa ndi wa banja la Physalacriaceae, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timene timadziŵika chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito bioluminescence (mkuyu wowala).

Koma dziko ndi lalikulu ndipo mumapeza bowa ambiri okhala ndi zipewa zachikasu.

Mukadutsa dimba lodzaza ndi zitsa zakufa ndi utuchi, kapena chitsamba chakale, mumapeza mitundu yachikasu ngati Omphalotus illudens kapena Galerina marginata.

Koma kodi mukudziwa kuti tsiku lina mutapeza bowa wa galleria n’kubwera nawo kunyumba poganiza kuti ndi bowa wopanda mphete, akhoza kufa?

Pofuna kupewa kusokoneza, chisokonezo pang'ono chikhoza kukhala chowopsa, kotero apa pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zingakuthandizeni kudziwa za Armillaria tabescens oyambirira.

Chizindikiritso cha bowa wopanda mphete:

Kodi mungazindikire bwanji bowa wopanda mphete? Nkhani yabwino ndiyakuti sizovuta. Muyenera kuphunzira zoyambira kuti mudziwe bowa wosavuta kudya.

Mukadutsa zobiriwira pakati pa Seputembala ndi Novembala, mupeza mbewu yayikulu ya Armillaria tabescens.

Uchi (chipewa chowuma chophatikiza ndi mascaly chomwe chili ndi mitundu ndipo chilibe mphete pa tsinde. Mudzaziwona zikukula m'magulu amitengo yakufa, makamaka pa mtembo wa mtengo wa oak.

Chovalacho ndi chowoneka bwino, chophwanyika, chokhala ndi m'mbali mwake (ngati chakhwima) ndipo chimapangidwa ndi mamba owuma komanso owoneka bwino, ofiirira kapena ofiira-bulauni.

Miyendo imasiyanitsidwa kuchokera ku yopapatiza mpaka yotakata. Ngakhale nthawi zonse idzakula mu clumps.

· Malo okhala ndi mafangasi a uchi:

Bowa wa uchi amakonda nkhalango.

Chifukwa chake, malo awo amakhala mitengo yamitengo yakum'mawa kwa North America, Nyanja Yaikulu kumwera, Texas ndi Oklahoma kumadzulo.

Komabe, Armillaria imatha kusiyana ndi mitundu kuchokera kumayiko ena. Zina zimadyedwa mukaphika, zina zimadyedwa pang'ono, ndipo zina zimatha kukhala poizoni kwa anthu ena.

Chifukwa ndi parasitic, zitsa za mitengo yazipatso, minda ya zipatso makamaka nsonga zakufa za mitengo ya oak ndi nyumba ya bowa wa uchi.

· Kukula kwa bowa la uchi:

Kukula kwa bowa wopanda mphete:

• M'lifupi mwake: 1-4 inchi
• Kutalika kwa phesi x m'lifupi: mainchesi 2–8 x ¼–½ mainchesi.

Bowa la uchi limatha kufalikira mpaka ma kilomita 2.4 ngati silidulidwa.

Mutha kupita ku Oregon kuti muone izi, mudzapeza mame a uchi wopanda mphete akukula ngati chamoyo chachikulu kwambiri m'mapiri abuluu.

Ndicho chifukwa ife timachitcha izo Oregon a uchi bowa, waukulu uchi bowa.

Komabe, pakhoza kukhala mitundu ina yomwe imamera pambali pa bowa wa uchi, mitundu ya Armillaria.

· Kusindikiza kwa bowa wopanda mphete:

Ndikofunika kwambiri kumvetsetsa, kuphunzira ndi kuzindikira zizindikiro za spore za Armillaria tabescens. Chifukwa chake, kuti mudziwe

Spore zizindikiro za bowa wopanda mphete ndi zoyera, ngati sizili zoyera, musatengere kunyumba.

Mitundu yakufayo yakufayo ilibe zoyera zoyera, bowa wachikasu poyamba amakhala ndi njere zoyera ndipo akakula amakhala ozungulira, osalala, opanda mtundu.

Poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina ya bowa wapoizoni, Gymnopilus spectabilis adzakhala ndi spores za lalanje-bulauni, Galerina wakupha adzakhala ndi bulauni, ndipo Omphalotus iludens adzakhala ndi spores zoyera.

Nayi chinyengo kwa inu, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito utsi wa tsabola wakuda kuti mupeze mtundu weniweni wa spore.

· Mizu ya uchi bowa:

Mycelium imatha kuwoneka pazitsa zakufa za mitengo ya thundu komanso mizu yakufa ya mitengo ina yodyedwa. Mycelium ndiye muzu wa bowa, monga momwe munganenere m'mawu wamba.

Mizu ya uchi pamitengo yakufa imatha kuwonedwa ngati mawonekedwe oyera ngati mawonekedwe omwe amamera pakati pa khungwa ndi mtengo.

Bowa likamamera mizu n’kukula m’magulumagulu, mumatha kuona tsangolo kukhala lalikulu ndipo lifalikira kupitirira makilomita 3.5.

· Kukoma kwa bowa wopanda mphete ndi Kununkhira:

Tikakamba za kukoma ndi kununkhira kwa bowa wa uchi, zingasiyane ndi pamene bowawo umamera n’kukula mpaka pamene wakula kapena kukhwima.

Pankhani ya bowa wopanda mphete, zipewa nthawi zambiri zimadyedwa, chifukwa tsinde lake ndi lokhuthala, lamphamvu, komanso lovuta kuphika, kutafuna ndi kugaya.

Bowa wa uchi wopanda mphete amakhala ndi kukoma kwabwino kwambiri poyerekeza ndi msuweni wawo wokhala ndi mphete ndipo alibe fungo lotsalira pambuyo pophika. Kukoma kwa bowa wa uchi nthawi zambiri kumakhala kowawa posachedwa.

Amene amayesa kwa nthawi yoyamba akhoza kupeza kukoma kwake kosiyana chifukwa kukoma kwawo sikuzolowera bowa.

Mukasaphika, mutha kupeza fungo la Astringent komwe kuli bowa wopanda mphete.

· Bowa wopanda mphete bioluminescence:

Bioluminescence ndi njira yomwe bowa amawalitsira matumbo awo ndi kuwala kwa buluu kapena kobiriwira kuti akope tizilombo usiku kuti tifalitse spores zawo.

Mitundu ina ya Armillaria kapena mitundu imawala, koma armillaria ma taescens samanenedwa kuti akuwala. Mtundu wofanana ndi bowa wa jack O'lantern, umawala ndi kuwala mumdima.

Komabe, ndi poizoni komanso wosadyedwa.

Zowoneka ngati bowa wopanda mphete:

Bowa wa uchi wopanda mphete ali ndi zofanana zambiri, zina zimadyedwa pomwe zina zimatha kupewedwa chifukwa chakupha kwawo komwe kungayambitse imfa.

Zofanana ziwiri zodziwika bwino komanso zodziwika bwino zomwe tili nazo za bowa wachikasu ndi:

Omphalotus amatchula:

Omphalotus illudens, yemwe amadziwikanso kuti bowa wawung'ono wachikasu, siwofananira wodyera wa Ringless Honey Bowa Armillaria tabescens.

Si zakupha zokwanira kukuphani, koma zimatha kuyambitsa mavuto am'mimba komanso zovuta zina. Choncho, m'pofunika kupewa.

Chifukwa amawoneka ngati bowa wa uchi, muli ndi mwayi woyikamo bowa wina wa jack O'lantern (dzina lodziwika bwino la omphalotus illudens) mudengu lanu.

Kuti mupewe izi, zindikirani kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa ziwirizi:

Bowa wakupha udzakhala ndi kapu ya lalanje ndi pamwamba pake, pamene mitundu yodyedwa idzakhala ndi chipewa chomata ndi mphete.

· Galerina marginata:

Honey bowa vs galena wakupha; Galerina marginata, yemwe amadziwikanso kuti nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale zakupha, ndiye wakupha pang'ono kuti ngakhale chakudya chaching'ono chingaphe munthu wamkulu.

Ndicho chifukwa chake timachitcha kuti galena wakupha ndipo chikuwoneka pafupi kwambiri ndi Armillaria tabescens. Kusiyana kwakukulu kuli pakati pa kukula, mphete ndi spores.

Bowa wa uchi wopanda mphete uli ndi kukula kwake, wopanda mphete komanso wowoneka bwino wokhala ndi zoyera zoyera.

Galena wakuphayo ali ndi spores zofiirira, mphete, ndi kukula kwake kakang'ono.

· Gymnopilus junonius:

Imadziwikanso kuti bwalo lalikulu lochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndi bowa wina wofanana ndi uchi wokhala ndi uchi wachikasu. Kukoma kwake ndi kowawa, kofanana kwambiri ndi mbale wake wina.

Komabe, ili ndi spores zabulauni ndipo uku ndiko kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa Armillaria tabescens ndi Gymnopilus junonius.

Zowona za bowa wopanda mphete:

Mfundo zina za OTC ndi:

• Zodyedwa bwino
• Dzina la sayansi, Armillaria tabescens
• Banja, Physalacriaceae.
• Mtundu, uchi
• Chovala chowuma chowuma
• Palibe mphete pa phesi
• Imakula m'magulu pamitengo yakufa
• Amakula mu September-November
• Kukula, 1-4 mainchesi kapu; phesi; ¼–½ inchi x 2–8 mainchesi (m’lifupi x kutalika).

Nazi mfundo zosangalatsa za bowa wopanda mphete zomwe mungasangalale kuziwerenga:

1. Si bowa umodzi:

Bowa wa uchi wopanda mphete si bowa umodzi, koma pali bowa wambiri wodyedwa wa banja limodzi koma mitundu yosiyanasiyana.

2. Ndilosavuta kudyedwa:

Sikuti aliyense angathe kugaya bowa wopanda mphete ndipo sikovomerezeka kuti aliyense adye, m'malo mwake omwe amadya bowa atsopano amatha kukumana ndi mavuto am'mimba akatha.

3. Chikhoza kudziwika mosavuta.

Ngati muphunzira mfundo zofunika kwambiri za bowa wachikasu, mutha kuzizindikira ndikuzidya mosavutikira. Dziwani za kukula kwa hood, ma gill, mawonekedwe opanda mphete ndikupanga chosindikizira cha spore ndipo ndinu wabwino kupita.

4. Monga wodya bowa watsopano, muyenera kuyamba ndi kudya bowa wachikasu wochepa.

Akuti omwe amayesa kwa nthawi yoyamba ayenera kuyamba kudya bowa umodzi wokha ndikuwonjezera pang'onopang'ono.

Ngati alibe zizindikiro zoopsa, amatha kudya bowa wachikasu.

5. Bowa wachikasu amamera m'nyengo yozizira yokha.

Mphukira za uchi wopanda mphete sizimakonda nyengo yoyipa ngati chilimwe ndi chisanu. Amatuluka ndikukula pakati pa Seputembala ndi Okutobala ndipo amasowa mu chisanu.

6. Mu Seputembala ndi Okutobala, zokolola zamtundu wachikasu sizingafanane.

Ikafika miyezi iyi, mudzauona umera pansi pa mpanda uliwonse wa mitengo ndi mizu yakufa. Koma zitatha izi, simudzatha kuzipeza m'munda wanu, udzu kapena kwina kulikonse.

7. Bowa wachikaso ndiwomwe amakula kwambiri:

Ku Medford Oregon, bowa wachikasu wachikasu womera m'mapiri amapezeka kukula kwake kuposa mitundu ina iliyonse ya bowa.

Ngati sanadulidwe ndi kunyamulidwa pansi, akhoza kufalitsa kukula kwawo kwa makilomita.

8. Mutha kuyesa mbale yakuda kuti mukonze ngati bowa ndi bowa wopanda mphete.

Kusindikiza kwa spore kumatengedwa pa mbale yakuda kuti muwone ngati bowa womwe mukuyika mudengu ndi bowa wachikasu wa uchi.

Ngati zilidi, mbale yakuda idzawonetsa kusindikizidwa koyera. Ngati ndi choncho, mutha kudya, apo ayi si bowa wodyedwa.

9. Zimafanana ndi bowa wambiri wapoizoni.

Bowa wa uchi wachikasu ndi wofanana ndi mitundu yambiri ya bowa wakupha komanso wakupha, monga galena wakupha ndi bowa wa Jack O'lantern.

10. Bowa wa uchi wopanda mphete ndi wowola:

Uchi wopanda mphete kwenikweni ndi tsinde ukakula pamizu yamitengo yakufa.

Kumbali ina, amathanso kumera pamizu yamitengo yamoyo, koma kumeneko amakhala ngati tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kapena symbionts.

Ubwino wa bowa wopanda mphete:

1. Amachiritsa ndi kuchotsa maselo a khansa.

Amadziwika kuti bowa wa uchi ali ndi chinthu chapadera chotchedwa glucan, chomwe chimakhala ndi anti-cancer. Chifukwa cha mankhwalawa, bowa wachikasu amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala.

2. Ndi antioxidant wabwino kwambiri.

Kuudya kumatha kutulutsa zinthu zapoizoni m'mimba chifukwa zimakhala ndi mavitamini C ndi E ambiri.

Zinthu zonsezi zimathandiza kutsuka m’mimba komanso kuti munthu akhale wathanzi, wathanzi komanso wanzeru.

3. Bowa wa uchi ndi antibacterial wamkulu.

Kafukufuku wa in vitro wasonyeza kuti bowa wa uchi ndi wothandiza kwambiri polimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi mabakiteriya omwe anthu amakumana nawo tsiku ndi tsiku.

4. Zimawonjezera chitetezo cha mthupi cha munthu.

Chifukwa cha antibacterial properties, bowa wopanda mphete salola kuti mabakiteriya kapena mavairasi asokoneze thupi mosavuta ndikupanga khoma lolimbana ndi mabakiteriya abwinobwino.

5. Zingakhale zabwino motsutsana ndi Alzheimer.

Kafukufuku wina amatsimikizira kuti ili ndi minyewa, monga odwala ena a Alzheimer amawonetsa kusintha atadya bowa wachikasu.

Komabe, bowawo ayenera kukhala bowa wopanda ring'ono yemwe amadyedwa, ndipo ngati mumadya koyamba muyenera kukumbukira kuchuluka kwake.

Kuopsa kwa bowa wa uchi:

Bowa wa uchi wopanda mphete omwe amamera pa Hemlocks ndi Buckeyes amatha kukhala oopsa.

Bowa wa uchi wodyedwa womwe umamera pamizu yakufa ya mitengo yodyedwa monga maapulo, holly, plums ndi amondi nawonso samalimbikitsidwa chifukwa amatha kukhala ndi poizoni.

Chifukwa chiyani? Chifukwa chiyani?

N'zosakayikitsa kuti bowa wopanda mphete umamera bwino pamizu yakufa ndi nthambi zamitengo. Pochita zimenezi, amakoka mpweya ndi kuyamwa zina mwa zinthu ndi michere ya mitengo ndi zipatsozo.

Izi zili ndi mankhwala oyipa monga hydrocyanic acid, omwe amawapangitsa kukhala owopsa kwa anthu koma akupha kwambiri agalu ndi amphaka.

Cyanide ndi poizoni kwambiri kwa agalu; imatha kuphedwa pambuyo pake, motero mame a uchi wopanda mphete ndi poizoni kwa agalu.

Kupatula apo, ngati bowawu sanaphikidwe bwino, ukhoza kukusiya ndi kukhumudwa m'mimba komwe kumatha kwa kanthawi kochepa.

Choncho, ziyenera kuphikidwa bwino.

Chinsinsi cha Honey Bowa:

Sizovuta kuyesa maphikidwe a uchi bowa popanda mphete. Izi sizovuta monga kupeza, kufufuza, ndi kuyeretsa.

Kuonjezera apo, ena amakonda kupanga popanda chogwirira, pamene ena amakonda kupanga ndi chogwirira. Komabe, anthu adanena kuti zimakoma bwino ndi zimayambira.

Umu ndi momwe muyenera kuchitira.

Zosakaniza:

• bowa
• mafuta
• Mchere ku zokometsera kulawa

1. Chinsinsi cha bowa wa uchi - chosavuta:

Choyamba, patulani bowa zimayambira ndi zisoti.
Pendani zimayambira ndikuchotsa dothi lochulukirapo
Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito chonyowa chopukutira kapena chopukutira kuti muyeretse bowa chifukwa kuwatsuka pansi pamadzi kumawonjezera madzi mu bowa ndikutenga nthawi kuti awume ndi kuphika.

Tengani poto, ikani batala kapena mafuta, onjezerani zisoti za bowa ndikuphika kwa mphindi zitatu.
Pambuyo pa mphindi zitatu, onjezerani zimayambira ndikuphika kwa mphindi zitatu.
Pitirizani kuphika mpaka muwona theka la kukula kwa bowa lanu litsalira ndipo madzi onse auma pamene bowa amasanduka golide.

zimitsani chitofu
Gwiritsani ntchito minofu kuchotsa mafuta mu bowa wanu
Kuwaza ndi zonunkhira ndi kusangalala

Chinsinsi cha bowa wa uchi - ndi anyezi ndi broccoli:

Onerani vidiyoyi kuti mupange chakudya chokwanira ndikusangalala ndi bowa wanu wokoma wophikidwa bwino ndi broccoli ndi anyezi.

· Kuchotsa bowa wopanda mphete

Ngati muwona bowa wopanda mphete ukukula pansi pa mtengo wamoyo, onetsetsani kuti mwachotsa nthawi yomweyo chifukwa izi zimafooketsa mizu ndi mtengo wonse ndipo zimatha kuzipha.

Kuti muchotse bowa, mufunika mpeni wakuthwa kuti muchotse udzu wonse mumtengo.

Zikatha, musayime pamenepo, thirani mankhwala ophera udzu pamenepo kuti bowa lisabwerenso.

Kupatula apo, muyenera kulabadira mitengo kuyambira Seputembala mpaka Novembala popeza ndi nthawi yoti bowa zimere.

FAQs:

Tisanathe kukambirana, tiyeni tilowe mu mafunso ena.

1. Kodi bowa wa uchi wopanda mphete amadyedwa?

Kodi ndi bwino kudya bowa wa uchi? Inde ndipo ayi! pamene kukula kwachinyamata ndi kwatsopano kuli bwino. Zikapsa, zimatenga nthawi kuti ziphike.

Ndibwinonso kuti muyambe kudya bowa umodzi wokha kuti mukonzekere ngati mimba yanu ingathe kugaya kapena ayi.

2. Kodi mungadziwe bwanji ngati bowa wa uchi ndi wodyedwa?

Muyenera kudziwa kukula ndi gills wa uchi bowa. Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kusindikiza mphukira, ngati ili yoyera, bowa ndi wodyedwa, apo ayi ndi poizoni ndipo sayenera kudyedwa.

3. Kodi bowa wa uchi ndi psychedelic?

Ayi. Ndi bowa wopindulitsa wokhala ndi thanzi labwino. Ndi antifungal, antioxidant, antibacterial ndipo imathandizira kuthana ndi zovuta zaubongo monga Alzheimer's.

4. Kodi mafangasi a uchi amapezeka kuti?

Bowa wa uchi wafalikira kwambiri kumadera ozizira a United States ndi Canada. Zimamera zakufa kapena zamoyo pamizu ya zomera. Ku Medford mutha kupeza bowa wokulirapo kwambiri, bowa wopanda mphete.

5. Ndi nyama ziti zomwe zimadya bowa wa uchi?

Bowa wa uchi womwe umachokera kumizu ya mitengo yakufa amadyedwa ndi anthu ndi nyama. Koma fugue ya uchi mumizu ya zipatso imakhala ndi cyanide, yomwe iyenera kupewedwa.

Agalu afa atadya bowa wosaphika.

6. Kodi bowa wa uchi ndi wowola?

Inde, bowa wa uchi ndi wowola.

Pansi:

Izi ndi za musk wa uchi kapena musk wopanda mphete, zilizonse zomwe mumazitcha. Ngati mukuwona kulimbikira kwathu kosangalatsa komanso kophunzitsa kuwerenga, chonde tipatseni gawo ndipo musaiwale kuyika chizindikiro pabulogu yathu kuti musaphonye zolemba zamtsogolo.

Mpaka nthawi ina, Odala Bowa!

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