Allergic Shiners - Kodi Iwo Ndi Chiyani Ndipo Ungachiritse Bwanji?

Za Allergy and Allergic Shiners:

Nthendayi, wotchedwanso matupi awo sagwirizana matenda, ndi zinthu zingapo zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi hypersensitivity wa chitetezo ku zinthu zopanda vuto m'chilengedwe. Matendawa akuphatikizapo chigwagwa, zakudya zopatsa thanzi, dermatitis ya atopic, chifuwa cha mphumundipo anaphylaxis. Zizindikiro zingaphatikizepo maso ofiira, kuyabwa zidzolo, kuyetsemula, ndi m'maso mphuno, kupuma movutikira, kapena kutupa. Kusalolera zakudya ndi chakupha chakupha ndi mikhalidwe yosiyana.

Common allergen onjezerani mungu ndi zakudya zina. Zitsulo ndi zinthu zina zingayambitsenso mavuto amenewa. Chakudya, mbola za tizilombo, ndipo mankhwala ndi omwe amachititsa kuti munthu ayambe kudwala kwambiri^. Kukula kwawo kumachitika chifukwa cha chibadwa komanso chilengedwe. Njira yoyambira imaphatikizapo ma antibodies a immunoglobulin E (IgE), gawo la chitetezo cha mthupi, kumangiriza ku allergen kenako ndi receptor on mast cell or basophils komwe kumayambitsa kutulutsidwa kwa mankhwala otupa monga histamine. Matendawa nthawi zambiri amatengera munthu mbiri yachipatala. Kuyesedwa kwina kwa khungu kapena magazi angakhale othandiza nthawi zina. Kuyesedwa koyezetsa, komabe, sikungatanthauze kuti pali zosagwirizana ndi zomwe zikufunsidwazo. (Allergic Shiners)

Kuwonekera koyambirira kwa ma allergens omwe angakhalepo kungakhale chitetezo. Kuchiza kwa ziwengo kumaphatikizapo kupewa zodziwika bwino, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala monga steroids ndi antihistamines. Pazovuta kwambiri, jekeseni adrenaline (epinephrine) akulimbikitsidwa. Allergen immunotherapy, yomwe pang'onopang'ono imapangitsa anthu kuchulukirachulukira komanso kokulirapo, imakhala yothandiza pamitundu ina ya ziwengo monga hay fever ndi momwe tizilombo timachitira ndi kulumidwa ndi tizilombo.^. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwake muzakudya sikudziwika bwino.

Matendawa ndi ofala. M'mayiko otukuka, pafupifupi 20% ya anthu amakhudzidwa matupi awo sagwirizana, pafupifupi 6% ya anthu ali ndi vuto limodzi lazakudya, ndipo pafupifupi 20% ali ndi vuto dermatitis ya atopic pa nthawi ina. Kutengera dzikolo pafupifupi 1-18% ya anthu ali ndi mphumu. Anaphylaxis amapezeka pakati pa 0.05-2% ya anthu. Chiwopsezo cha matenda ambiri osagwirizana nawo chikuwoneka chikuchulukirachulukira. Mawu oti "allergies" adagwiritsidwa ntchito koyamba ndi Clemens von Pirquet mu 1906. (Allergic Shiners)

Zizindikiro

Zinthu zambiri monga fumbi kapena mungu ndi tizidutswa ta mpweya. Zikatere, zizindikiro zimayamba m’malo okhudzana ndi mpweya, monga maso, mphuno, ndi mapapo. Mwachitsanzo, matupi awo sagwirizana, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti hay fever, imayambitsa kukwiya kwa mphuno, kuyetsemula, kuyabwa, ndi kufiira kwa maso. Ma allergens opumira amathanso kupangitsa kuti pakhale kuchuluka kwa kupanga ntchofu mu mapapo, kupuma movutikira, kutsokomola, ndi kupuma. (Allergic Shiners)

Kupatula izi zozungulira zozungulira, matupi awo sagwirizana nawo amatha chifukwa zakudya, mbola za tizilombo, ndi zochita ku mankhwala ngati ndi aspirin ndi mankhwala monga penicillin. Zizindikiro za ziwengo zakudya monga kupweteka m'mimba, bloating, kusanza, kutsekula, zosangalatsa khungu, ndi kutupa kwa khungu paming'oma. Kusagwirizana ndi zakudya sikumayambitsa kupuma (asthmatic) zochita, kapena matenda a rhinitis. 

Kuluma ndi tizilombo, chakudya, mankhwala, ndipo mankhwala ena angapangitse kuti zisagwirizane ndi zomwe zimatchedwanso anaphylaxis; machitidwe ambiri a ziwalo amatha kukhudzidwa, kuphatikiza dongosolo lakumagazi, ndi dongosolo la kupumaNdipo dongosolo lamagazi. Kutengera kuchuluka kwa kuopsa kwake, anaphylaxis ingaphatikizepo kusintha kwa khungu, bronchoconstriction, kutupa, kuthamanga kwa magazi, comandipo imfa. Kuchita kwamtunduwu kumatha kuyambika mwadzidzidzi, kapena kuyambika kungachedwe. Chikhalidwe cha anaphylaxis ndiye kuti zomwe zimachitikazo zitha kuwoneka ngati zikuchepa, koma zitha kubweranso pakapita nthawi. (Allergic Shiners)

Skin

Zinthu zomwe zimakumana ndi khungu, monga latex, ndizomwe zimayambitsanso zomwe zimayambitsa kusamvana, zomwe zimadziwika kuti kukhudzana ndi dermatitis kapena chikanga. Matenda a pakhungu nthawi zambiri amayambitsa zotupa, kapena kutupa ndi kutupa pakhungu, zomwe zimadziwika kuti "chuma ndi flare” machitidwe a ming'oma ndi angioedema.

Ndi mbola za tizilombo, zomwe zimachitika mderali zimatha kuchitika (malo ofiira akhungu opitilira 10 cm). Itha kukhala tsiku limodzi kapena awiri. Izi zitha kuchitika pambuyo pake immunotherapy. (Allergic Shiners)

Chifukwa

Ziwopsezo za ziwengo zitha kuyikidwa m'magulu awiri, omwe ndi khamu ndi chilengedwe zinthu. Host zinthu zikuphatikizapo cholowa, kugonana, mpikisano, ndi zaka, ndi choloŵa kukhala chofunika kwambiri. Komabe, pakhala kuwonjezeka kwaposachedwa kwa zochitika za ziwengo zomwe sizingafotokozedwe ndi majini okha. Otsatira anayi akuluakulu azachilengedwe ndi zosintha pakuwonetseredwa matenda opatsirana paubwana, chilengedwe kuipitsa, milingo ya allergen, ndi zakudya kusintha. (Allergic Shiners)

Fumbi nthata

Fumbi mite allergy, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti house dust allergy, ndi a kulimbikitsa ndi Matupi anachita ku zitosi za nsabwe za m'nyumba. Matendawa ndi ofala ndipo amatha kuyambitsa ziwengo monga mphumu, chikanga or kuyabwa. Ndi chiwonetsero cha a parasitism. M'matumbo a mite muli ma enzymes omwe amagaya chakudya (makamaka peptidase 1) zomwe zimapitilira mu ndowe zawo komanso zomwe zimayambitsa kusamvana monga kupuma. Exoskeleton ya mite imathanso kupangitsa kuti thupi lizidwala. Mosiyana nkhanambo nthata kapena nsabwe za m'nyumba, nthata za m'nyumba sizimakwirira pansi pa khungu ndipo sizikhala ndi parasitic. (Allergic Shiners)

Zakudya

Zakudya zamitundumitundu zimatha kuyambitsa kuyabwa, koma 90% ya zomwe sizimadya zimayamba chifukwa cha ng'ombe. mkaka, soy, mazira, tirigu, mtedza, mtedza wamtengo, nsombandipo nkhono. Zina zakudya zopatsa thanzi, yomwe ikukhudza munthu mmodzi pa anthu 1 alionse, ingaonedwe kuti ndi “yosowa”. Kugwiritsa ntchito mkaka wa hydrolyzed chilinganizo cha mwana motsutsana ndi mkaka wamba wa mkaka wamba sizikuwoneka kuti zikusintha chiopsezo.

Chofala kwambiri cha ziwengo chakudya mu anthu US ndi tilinazo crustacea. Ngakhale kuti matenda a mtedza ndi odziwika kwambiri chifukwa cha kuuma kwawo, kusagwirizana ndi mtedza sikufala kwambiri kwa akuluakulu kapena ana. Zowopsa kapena zoyika moyo pachiwopsezo zimatha kuyambitsidwa ndi zinthu zina zosagwirizana nazo, ndipo zimakhala zofala kwambiri zikaphatikizidwa ndi mphumu. (Allergic Shiners)

Mitengo ya ziwengo imasiyana pakati pa akuluakulu ndi ana. Peanut ziwengo nthawi zina zimatha kukulirakulira ndi ana. Kusagwirizana ndi mazira kumakhudza mwana mmodzi kapena awiri mwa 5 aliwonse koma amakhala okulirapo ndi pafupifupi magawo awiri mwa atatu a ana akafika zaka zisanu. yolk.

Kusagwirizana ndi mapuloteni amkaka kumapezeka kwambiri mwa ana. Pafupifupi 60% ya zomwe zimachitika ndi mapuloteni amkaka zimakhala immunoglobulin E-okhala pakati, ndi otsala omwe nthawi zambiri amabwera chifukwa cha kutupa kwa m'matumbo. Anthu ena amalephera kulekerera mkaka wa mbuzi kapena nkhosa komanso wa ng’ombe, ndipo ambiri amalephera kupirira mkaka mankhwala monga tchizi. Pafupifupi 10% ya ana omwe ali ndi ziwengo zamkaka amakhudzidwa ng'ombe. Ng'ombe ya ng'ombe imakhala ndi mapuloteni ochepa omwe amapezeka kwambiri mu mkaka wa ng'ombe. Lactose tsankho, zomwe zimachitika kawirikawiri mkaka, si mtundu wa ziwengo nkomwe, koma chifukwa cha kusakhalapo kwa mkaka enzyme mu kugaya chakudya. (Allergic Shiners)

Amene ali nawo nati wamtengo ziwengo zitha kukhala zosagwirizana ndi mtengo umodzi kapena mtedza wambiri, kuphatikiza mtedza, pistachios, paini mtedzandipo walnuts. Komanso mbewukuphatikizapo mbewu za sesame ndi mbewu za poppy, ali ndi mafuta omwe ali ndi mapuloteni, omwe angapangitse kuti asagwirizane nawo.

Ma Allergens amatha kusamutsidwa kuchokera ku chakudya kupita ku china kudzera kupanga zamoyo; komabe kusintha kwa majini kungathenso kuchotsa zowawa. Kafukufuku wochepa wapangidwa pakusintha kwachilengedwe kwa kuchuluka kwa ma allergen mu mbewu zosasinthidwa. (Allergic Shiners)

Kodi pali chinachake pansi pa maso anu: chinachake chakuda, chofiira, chophwanyika? Koma mungakhale bwanji ndi diso lakuda pamene palibe ngozi?

Mtundu wina wa bwalo lakuda?

Ayi, awa si mabwalo amdima, koma kuwunikira kwapang'onopang'ono chifukwa cha magazi omwe amatuluka m'maso omwe akhudzidwa.

Ndi mtundu wa ziwengo zomwe zimawoneka ngati matumba akuda kapena ofiira ozungulira maso ndikuchepetsa kukongola kwawo konse.

Mukufuna tsatanetsatane, chithandizo ndi malangizo oti muwaletse kuti asabwererenso?

Chabwino, blog iyi ndi yanu.

Tiyeni tiyambe kukambirana:

Kodi Allergic Shiners ndi chiyani:

Matupi owala ndi mtundu wa mdima wandiweyani womwe umapezeka pansi pa maso chifukwa cha kutsekeka kwa mphuno kapena kutsekeka kwa sinus. Awa ndi mawonekedwe osiyana a mabwalo amdima; Amawoneka ngati ma pigment okhala ndi utoto, ngati mikwingwirima ndipo amayamba chifukwa cha ziwengo.

Pamene kupanikizana kwa mphuno kumapangitsa kuti kuthamanga kwa magazi kukwera panthawiyi, kuyendayenda kwa magazi kumachepa ndipo ena amaunjikana pansi pa maso, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti thupi likhale lopweteka.

Anthu apatsa mayina osiyanasiyana onyezimira, kuphatikiza nkhope za periorbital allergenic, kuchulukana kwa venous, ziwengo zamatumba apansi pa diso, ziwengo, ziwengo zakuda, kutukusira kwa maso, ndi zikwama zamaso. (Allergic Shiners)

1. Kodi Allergic Shiners Amawoneka Motani?

Zizindikiro za ziwengo zowunikira zimaphatikizapo mtundu wa buluu kapena wofiirira, monga mithunzi yakuda kapena mabwalo amdima pansi pa maso. Zina mwa zizindikiro zomwe anthu angakumane nazo ndi zilonda zapakhosi, kutupa kwa maso, kuyabwa pakhosi, kapena kuyetsemula mosadziwika bwino.

Choncho, muyenera kuyang'anira zizindikiro za matupi awo sagwirizana, ichi ndi sitepe yoyamba yopita kuchipatala.

Zizindikiro zazikulu za matupi awo sagwirizana ndi moto ndi monga kuthirira m'maso, kuyabwa m'kamwa, mphuno yotuluka m'mphuno, kutsekeka m'mphuno ndi kutsekeka kwa mphuno. (Allergic Shiners)

2. Kodi Zomwe Zimayambitsa Matupi Onyezimira Ndi Chiyani?

Zomwe zimayambitsa matupi awo sagwirizana shiners zingakhale zonse zomwe zimayambitsa mphuno yodzaza.

Mphuno ikatuluka madzi ochulukirapo ndipo mitsempha yamagazi yogwirizana nayo imatupa, munthuyo amavutika kupuma.

Zomwe zimayambitsa izi zitha kukhala matupi awo sagwirizana rhinitis akuluakulu ndi ana.

Zifukwa zimatha kuyambitsidwa ndi nyengo ndi nyengo, mwachitsanzo:

• M'nyengo ya kugwa, mungu wa Ragweed ungayambitse kusokonezeka kwa sinus ndi allergenic flare-ups.
• Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, zimatha chifukwa cha mungu wamitengo.

Kuphatikiza pa kusintha kwa nyengo, machitidwe ena osasangalatsa a moyo amathanso kuyambitsa matupi awo sagwirizana, mwachitsanzo;

Kutaya madzi m'thupi, monga ngati zounikira zoziziritsa kukhosi, ndi pamene simumwa madzi okwanira.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mchere wambiri pazakudya kumapangitsa maso kutupa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maso akhale ofiira.

Kuperewera kwa chitsulo, chikanga, kapena ukalamba kungayambitsenso kusagwirizana ndi maso, zomwe zingayambitse mdima wakuda kapena kuyatsa. (Allergic Shiners)

3. Ndi ndani omwe amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi ma shiner?

A phunziro idachitidwa pa ana 126 omwe ali ndi vuto la rhinitis mu 2009.

Ofufuzawo adapeza kuti pafupifupi 82 peresenti ya ana onse anali ndi zowunikira zakuda kuposa omwe alibe chifuwa cha rhinitis.

Tikhoza kunena kuti:

1. Ana omwe ali ndi allergenic rhinitis amakonda kutengera, matumba pansi pa maso ndi ofiira.
2. Komanso, mphuno ndi ocular dongosolo kusokonezeka kwa akuluakulu ndi okalamba kungayambitse matupi awo sagwirizana flares.

(Kuti mumve zambiri, onani mapeto a phunzirolo, zomwe zidachitika mu 2013). (Allergic Shiners)

4. Kodi matupi onyezimira amasiyana bwanji ndi chifuwa, chimfine, ndi chimfine?

Zizindikiro zambiri za matupi awo sagwirizana ndi chimfine, chifuwa, ndi chimfine.

Komabe, sizimayambitsidwa ndi chifuwa, chimfine ndi chimfine.

Choncho, fufuzani zizindikiro kwa milungu ingapo kuti pezani kusiyana; Ngati zipitilira kwa milungu yopitilira iwiri, izi zitha kukhala zowopsa, osati chimfine, chifuwa kapena chimfine.

Panthawiyi, mutha kukhala ndi mikwingwirima, utoto wofiira pansi pa maso anu, komanso mphuno yachilendo, maso amadzimadzi, ndi mphuno zodzaza:

Komanso, nthawi zambiri, mukadzuka mukatha kugona, mithunzi pansi pa maso anu imawoneka ngati maso otupa.

Awa ndi mabwalo ofiira akuda pansi pa maso anu omwe simumawawona mukamadwala chimfine kapena chimfine.

Komanso, ngati muumirira kutsekeka kwa sinus, zotupa zamaso zofiira zimakhala pamenepo. (Allergic Shiners)

5. Zowopsa Zokhudzana ndi Matupi Onyezimira:

Chifukwa chachikulu chopangira matupi owunikira ndi kudzikundikira kwa magazi.

Choncho, minofu ya basal imatupa ndipo imayambitsa matumba ofiira pansi pa maso.

M'malo mwake, palibe zoopsa zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi ma Allergic brighteners ndipo amatha kuthandizidwa ndi anti-biotics ndi mankhwala osiyanasiyana amkamwa ndi odyedwa. (Allergic Shiners)

Ndiye mankhwala ake ndi ati? Tiyeni tiwerengenso:

Chithandizo cha Allergic Shiners:

Pali njira zambiri zosinthira vutoli, kuphatikiza kusintha moyo, kupewa zinthu zina ndi malo, komanso mankhwala ena a OTC:

Mukavutika, muyenera kupeza chifukwa chake.

Chifukwa chake, a chithandizo cha matupi awo sagwirizana rhinitis zingakhale zothandiza. (Allergic Shiners)

Komabe, pali njira zingapo zochizira zizindikiro za ziwengo:

1. Mankhwala a Mkamwa:

Kugwiritsa ntchito madontho a antihistamine
pogwiritsa ntchito decongestant
Mafuta a Eucalyptus m'malo mwake mafuta onyenga
Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opopera a nasal ndi steroid
Anti-kutupa madontho pansi pa maso

2. Kuchiza ndi mankhwala obaya:

Njira zambiri zochizira matenda osachiritsika kapena kuchira msanga kwa zizindikiro:

• kutenga ziwembu
• immunotherapy

Mwa izi, maphunziro a jakisoni amachitidwa, omwe amaphatikiza mapuloteni omwe amalowetsedwa m'thupi kuti apangitse kulolerana ndi ma allergen.

Pamene thupi limakhazikitsa kulolerana limagwirira, ziwengo sizichitikanso.

Chinthu chimodzi choyenera kusamala apa ndikungopita kukalandira ma immunotherapies ndi jakisoni ndi malangizo a dokotala.

Pali zoopsa zambiri zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi zizindikirozi, chifukwa zingayambitse kusinthasintha kwa maganizo ndi mavuto ena a khalidwe.

Choncho sungani izi m'maganizo ndipo lankhulani ndi dokotala musanapite. (Allergic Shiners)

3. Kusintha kwa moyo:

Nawa Khalidwe limasintha (kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zina zatsopano mu 2021) kuti muchotse Allergic Shine yomwe imapangitsa kuti zipsera zanu ziwonekere:

• Osagona panja kumayambiriro kwa masika ndi autumn, chifukwa ndi nyengo ya ziwengo.
• Ma air conditioners okhala ndi zosefera za HEPA athandiza kwambiri pankhaniyi.
• Chepetsani mitsempha yamagazi yotupa ndi minofu yothina mwa kunyowetsa ndi kusunga mpweya wabwino
• pakuti maonekedwe a diso, gwiritsani ntchito chopaka m'malo mwa burashi popaka zikope zanu.
• Gwiritsani ntchito matiresi osamva ziwengo
• Zomwezo zimapitanso pamapilo.
• Musalole kuti malowo akhale onyowa, khalani aukhondo komanso owuma
• Sungani chilengedwe mwaukhondo
• Gwiritsani ntchito mabulangete a anti-allergen
• Khalani kutali ndi tsitsi la nyama chifukwa likhoza kuyambitsa ziwengo
• Ngati mukufuna galu, nthawi zonse sankhani Mitundu ya hypoallergenic ngati shepadoodles.
• kuvala magalasi panja
• Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala othamangitsa mphemvu kunyumba
• Khalani m'nyumba nthawi ya mungu
• Yesani kugwiritsa ntchito nkhungu ya saline ya m'mphuno
• Gwirani mkutsuko wanu nthawi ndi nthawi
• Onjezani turmeric, uchi, ndi thyme ku chakudya chanu monga iwo analemera ndi odana ndi mafangasi ndi antibacterial katundu.
• Khalani amadzimadzi; kumwa madzi ochuluka m’nyengo yachisanu ndi chirimwe, makamaka m’nyengo ya mungu
• Dzitetezeni ku zoyambitsa zamkati ndi zakunja
• Siyani kujambula zikope zofiira ndi zanu misomali yokongola

4. Sinthani Zakudya Zanu:

Pali zakudya zina zotupa zomwe zimayambitsa matumba kapena mikwingwirima kuzungulira maso. Chifukwa chake, kuti muchepetse mawonekedwe amdima wamaso, muyenera kuwonjezera zosakaniza ndikuchotsa zina pazakudya zanu zatsiku ndi tsiku. Ndiziyani? Nazi zambiri:

"Kutalikirana ndi zakudya zotupa komanso kuwonjezera zakudya zomwe zimathandizira kugaya chakudya."

Kodi mumadziwa kuti ndi zakudya zotupa zomwe zili ndi maso otukumuka zomwe zimayambitsa matupi awo sagwirizana? Choncho, muyenera kudula zinthu zotupazi muzakudya zanu. Monga:

• mkaka
• Casein Mapuloteni
• Mbewu (chimanga, madzi a chimanga a fructose)
• Mchere wogwirizanitsa
• Shuga woyengedwa

Anthu omwe ali ndi ma allergenic Shiner amakonda kukhala ndi zakudya zapoizoni m'mimba mwawo. Chifukwa chake, amafunikira zinthu zomwe zimathandizira kulimbitsa thupi chitetezo kuchiza matupi shiners. Za ichi,

• Gwiritsani ntchito zowonjezera zowonjezera mphamvu
• Kupititsa patsogolo kugwiritsa ntchito hydrochloric acid (zowonjezera)
• Yesetsani kumwa madzi ambiri chifukwa cha kudzimbidwa

5. Zochita Zopumira:

The myofunctional Therapist akusonyeza kuti zonyezimira zonyezimira ndi matumba apansi pa diso sizimangokhala chifukwa cha kusowa tulo, komanso momwe mumapuma. Kodi mwadabwa?

Awa ndi mawu enieni azachipatala! Mitundu yonse ya zilonda zam'mphuno imatha kuyambitsa zowunikira. Zimachitika makamaka mwa makanda. Mwana wonyezimira wonyezimira sangathe kukuuzani za vuto lake la kupuma chifukwa mphuno imakhala m'mphuno mwake.

Kuti muzindikire, mukhoza kuona ngati mwana wanu akupuma pakamwa. Yesetsani kuchotsa mphuno ya mwana wa ntchofu ndikumulola kuti apume mphuno kuti apewe zizindikiro za matupi awo sagwirizana rhinitis. (Allergic Shiners)

6. Gwiritsani ntchito zodzoladzola:

Kuwoneka wokongola mukakhala ndi zikwama zapansi pa maso sikuchiritsira, ndi jugaad. Sankhani zodzoladzola zabwino kuti muwabise.

Pochiza ziwengo zowala, musayang'ane moyipa panthawiyi. Pachifukwa ichi, mutha kugula chobisalira chabwino chomwe chimagwirizana ndi zodzoladzola zanu.

Yesani kudzola zodzoladzola zamaso bwino musanatuluke koma chotsani musanagone.

Ndi Nthawi Yanji Yowonana ndi Dokotala?

Ngati mavuto ndi zizindikiro zikupitirira, muyenera kuonana ndi dokotala mwamsanga ndikukambirana nawo mbiri yanu yachipatala.

Akatero adzakutsogolerani bwino pazomwe muyenera kuchita ndi zomwe simuyenera kuchita.

Zotsatira:

Kumbukirani, zizindikiro zingakhale zosiyana ndi ana, akuluakulu, ndi okalamba.

Ngakhale kuti chizoloŵezi cha ana kuti atenge zowunikira ndizochepa kwambiri, zikhoza kuchitika nthawi zina.

Zomwezo zimapitanso kwa okalamba. Anthu omwe amakonda kudwala matenda ena amatha kupeza zowunikira pafupipafupi.

Mukakhala zizindikiro zamphamvu muyenera kuwona dokotala.

IU Family Imakukondani, pitirizani kutichezera kuti mumve zambiri zamabulogu ndi zolemba.